https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/issue/feed 2024-10-28T21:59:01+00:00 Leonel Delgado Aburto revistameridional@gmail.com Open Journal Systems <p><em>Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos </em>is a publication of the Latin American Cultural Studies Center at the University of Chile. The goal of the journal is to promote an interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary dialogue about Latin American culture with a humanities focus.The journal publishes original manuscripts in Spanish, English, French and Portuguese. Manuscripts must be submitted following the MLA guidelines for Scholarly publication.&nbsp;The journal is published both in print and digital formats.</p> https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76469 2024-10-27T20:49:16+00:00 Revista Meridional revistameridional@gmail.com 2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76418 2024-10-21T21:15:05+00:00 Leonel Delgado Aburto ldelgadoa@u.uchile.cl 2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76424 2024-10-22T20:35:47+00:00 Claudio Véliz Rojas claudio.veliz@ugm.cl Nicol´ás Llantén Quiroz nico.historia.uv@gmail.com 2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76345 2024-10-13T15:33:08+00:00 Eduardo Hodge Dupré e.hodge.dupre@gmail.com

The primary objective of this work is to analyze violence in Latin America from a historical perspective, utilizing the theoretical framework proposed by Norwegian scholar Johan Galtung. This analysis reveals that violence has been a persistent element in the region's history since pre-Columbian times, a reality that existing literature has either overlooked or insufficiently explored. Both primary and secondary sources from various periods demonstrate that Galtung's trinity of violence (cultural, structural, and direct) is applicable to Latin America, as the current violence in the region is part of a continuous historical process that requires long-term examination.

2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76347 2024-10-13T15:45:25+00:00 Gabriela Rivera Acosta laura.rivera@enah.edu.mx

As in the rest of the human sciences, those of us who have specialized in the study of war, know that the origin of the concepts, theories and methodologies that have cemented our disciplines originated in western academies, thus obeying the parameters, needs and expectations of the West itself. This may not be a problem for specialists in contemporary warfare, but for those of us who have focused our studies on conflicts between ancient societies outside the West, in my case, in pre-Hispanic Amerindian societies, it is a major problem. When the West generates standards of war, and from them creates a classification of the Western and non-Western, based basically on the opposition between the secular, advanced and complex, versus the ritual, primitive and incipient; fallacies have arisen about the warfare that occurred between pre-Columbian Amerindian societies and in any other region outside the borders of the West. For in trying to frame their warfare in a disparate and completely alien referential framework, much of the ontological reality of war, as a cultural and social phenomenon, has been lost. Thus, this essay seeks to recognize the origins of the problem, point out its inappropriateness and point to a new path.

2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76350 2024-10-13T16:15:15+00:00 Manuel Gutiérrez magutierrez@ucsc.cl

The development of naval warfare underwent a strong transformation at the beginning of the 19th century. This was due to the introduction of a new technology that allowed warships to stop being dependent on wind and ocean currents for their propulsion. The steam engine was a radical complement, which managed to eliminate many of the obstacles that limited navigation. This determined a change in the strategy of naval warfare, which led to the war fleets of the 19th Century having a decisive value in modern conflicts. Although this transformation occurred in the great powers, it also affected the nascent Latin American states that were beginning to build their navies.

2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76351 2024-10-13T16:23:03+00:00 Cristián González Puebla gonzacristian@gmail.com

The Chilean historiography, citing in its research both documents of different types related to the wars that the country had to endure during the 19th century, as well as various testimonies left by witnesses of the conflicts of those years. They allow us to appreciate the experience of War that the men and women of that period faced. At the same time, if we recognize both historiography and testimonies as a form of Social Memory that would allow us to approach War Experiences, we can have a panoramic view of the war conflicts of the period. Which would allow us to enter spaces that have not yet been fully developed and that lead us to reflect on a History of War in Chile.

2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76346 2024-10-13T15:39:26+00:00 Isidora Javiera Sánchez Rodríguez isidorasanchez@ug.uchile.cl

This paper analyses, from a literary and a cultural perspective, the dramatic poem Salomé y Judith (1959). This piece was written by Mexican author Rosario Castellanos and represents two war episodes, one before and the other during the Mexican Revolution. The analysis focus on exoticization and oppression mechanisms, as well as the strategic use of women and indigenous people within a group of different characters that represent social positions in Chiapas at the beginning of the 20th Century. Specifically, this work is about the representation of indigenous people in Salomé y Judith (1959) and intends to describe critically how the intersections between oppressions and gender and race identities (intersectionality) are represented. From this analysis and the dialogue with previous studies, I state that an intersectional perspective exists in the poetic and dramatic construction of Castellano’s poem.

2024-11-06T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76348 2024-10-13T15:56:04+00:00 Emiliano Gastón Sánchez emilianogastonsanchez@gmail.com

This article aims to reconstruct, through the periodical press and other archival documents, an experience that has attracted little attention in the studies of the repercussions of the Great War in Argentina. This is the Allied War Exposition, which took place in Buenos Aires in mid-1917 at the initiative of French cultural diplomacy. As it’s intended to show, the exhibition was a privileged space for staging an imaginary about the wartime France and its links with Argentina. However, for a public hungry for attractions and information, the direct impression of the war mediated by these objects also functioned as a sort of mass spectacle and a complement to the media coverage hearsed by the Buenos Aires periodical press since the beginning of the conflict.

2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76349 2024-10-13T16:03:11+00:00 Guillermo Fernández Ampié gfernam@gmail.com

This article offers an initial analysis of the songs sung by members of the Nicaraguan Resistance, an anti-Sandinista group better known as “la Contra”. This irregular army was organized and funded by the United States to wage war and overthrow the Nicaraguan government, which was led the Sandinista Front after Anastasio Somoza Debayle’s dictatorship was overthrown in July 1979. The analysis of the songs argues that in the bloodiest years of the conflict, the issues of land claims and the defense of traditional ways of life - which have been considered by recent studies to be the main motivation for their struggle - were not present in cultural expressions like songs and hymns. The text is divided into five sections. The first offers a synthesis of the presence of music in war in general. The second focuses more specifically on Latin America, and addresses the way music and singing has been used in different popular movements and guerrilla organizations to express the objectives of their struggle. The third highlights the role of music in the Nicaraguan revolutionary struggle, while the fourth discusses the songs of the counterrevolutionary forces. In this way, we will show how the “contras” represented, in these musical expressions, their aspirations, experiences and the meaning of their struggle. The methodology used includes research into digital archives and interviews and consultations with former members of the anti-Sandinista forces. The article closes with a section of final reflections.

2024-11-06T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76352 2024-10-13T16:30:45+00:00 Carlos Arellano González carlos.arego92@gmail.com 2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76353 2024-10-13T16:36:00+00:00 Fabián Bustamante fabian.bustamante@ucn.cl 2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos https://rej.uchile.cl/index.php/MRD/article/view/76354 2024-10-13T16:43:12+00:00 Pamela Jiménez pammjv@gmail.com 2024-10-28T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos