Neutralidad de la red en Estados Unidos. De vuelta al pizarrón
Resumen
Este artículo analiza la sentencia de la Corte de Apelaciones del Circuito del Distrito de Columbia (el «Circuito D.C.») que anuló parcialmente la Open Internet Order, dictada por la Federal Communications Commission (FCC) de los Estados Unidos el 2010, que había consagrado normativamente el principio de neutralidad de Internet. Para ello, junto con un breve repaso actual del tema, se revisan los antecedentes judiciales y administrativos previos a la sentencia relacionados con el principio de neutralidad. Luego se analizan los argumentos del Circuito D.C. para anular casi totalmente la Open Internet Order, incluyendo un breve comentario sobre el voto disidente. El artículo termina con conclusiones relativas a la sentencia y a las eventuales decisiones que ahora podría tomar la FCC.Palabras clave:
Circuito D.C., common carrier, FCC, neutralidad de Internet, Orden de Internet Abierta, VerizonReferencias
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Crawford, Susan (2013). Captive audience: The telecom industry and monopoly in the New Gilded Age. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Cooper, Steve (2013). «The Internet is a 21st Century utility and we deserve better». Forbes, 29 de enero, disponible en <http://www.forbes.com/sites/stevecooper/2013/01/29/the-internet-is-a-21st-century-utility-and-we-deserve-better/>.
FCC (Federal Communications Commission) (2002). In re inquiry concerning high-speed access to the Internet over cable and other facilities, 17 F.C.C.R. 4798 (2002), disponible en <https://apps.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-02-77A1.pdf>.
FCC (Federal Communications Commission) (2010). Open Internet Order, disponible en <http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-10-201A1_Rcd.pdf>.
Gautham, Nagesh (2014), «FCC to propose new ‘net neutrality’ rules». The Wall Street Journal, 23 de abril, disponible en <http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304518704579519963416350296?mod=LS1> (enlace pagado).
Gross, Grant (2014). «FCC’s new net neutrality proposal: What do we really know?». PC World, 28 de abril, disponible en <http://www.pcworld.com/article/2148900/fccs-new-net-neutrality-proposal-what-do-we-really-know.html>.
Owen, Bruce M. y Gregory L. Rosston (2006). «Local broadband access: primum non nocere or primum processi? A property rights approach». En Thomas Lenard y Randolph L. May (eds.), Net neutrality or net neutering. Should broadband Internet services be regulated? Nueva York: Springer.
Patel, Nilay (2014). «The Internet is fucked». The Verge, 25 de febrero, disponible en <http://www.theverge.com/2014/2/25/5431382/the-internet-is-fucked>.
Sandvig, Christian (2007). «Network neutrality is the new common carriage». The Journal of Policy, Regulation and Strategy for Communications, Information and Media, 9 (2/3): 136-147.
Van Schewick, Barbara (2010). Internet architecture and innovation. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Van Schewick, Barbara (2014) «The FCC changed course on network neutrality. Here is why you should care», disponible en <http://netarchitecture.org/2014/04/the-fcc-changed-course-on-network-neutrality-here-is-why-you-should-care/>.
Wu, Tim (2003). «Network neutrality, broadband discrimination». Journal of Telecommunications and High Technology Law, 2 (1): 141-176.
Wu, Tim (2010). The master switch: The rise and fall of information empires. Nueva York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Yoo, Christopher (2013a). «Libertad de expresión y el mito de Internet como una experiencia no intermediada». Revista Chilena de Derecho y Tecnología, 2 (1): 11-111.
Yoo, Christopher (2013b). «Is there a role for common carriage in an Internet-based world?» Houston Law Review, 51 (2): 545-608.
