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Evaluation of a nursing strategy for the adaptation of family members of patients with disabilities according to Callista Roy
Authors
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Nayeli Anahi Acosta López
Universidad Ténica de Ambato
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-6907
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Jeannette Mercedes Acosta Núñez
Universidad Técnica de Ambato
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7554-3956
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Abstract
Introduction: Disability affects 7% of the Ecuadorian population, generating physical, emotional, and social burdens on family caregivers. The incidence is highest among women over 50 years of age. In this context, Callista Roy's Adaptation Model offers a theoretical framework to promote resilience and improve coping strategies. Objective: To evaluate the implementation of a nursing strategy that facilitates the adaptation of family members of patients with disabilities, designed according to Callista Roy's Adaptation Model. Methodology: A quasi-experimental, quantitative, longitudinal, pre- and post-test study was conducted between May and August 2025 with 50 caregivers selected by convenience sampling. The Coping Strategies Inventory and a sociodemographic survey were administered. The educational intervention consisted of eight weeks of workshops, group activities, and home visits. Results: The intervention produced statistically significant improvements in adaptive coping strategies (social support, cognitive restructuring, emotional expression, and problem-solving; p < 0.001) and a significant decrease in maladaptive strategies such as self-criticism and social withdrawal (p < 0.001). Furthermore, post-intervention coping was significantly associated with educational level (p = 0.0178) and daily caregiving time (p = 0.0023). The intervention promoted socially supported coping, reducing isolation and strengthening self-efficacy, consistent with Roy's model. Conclusions: Nursing strategies based on Callista Roy's Adaptive Model strengthened caregivers' adaptive capacity, reinforcing the ethical and community-based role of nursing in family well-being.
Keywords:
Nursing Theory , Nursing Care , Persons with Disabilities , Accompanying Family Members , CaregiversReferences
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